foul

dirty, foul, nasty

这些形容词均有“脏的，污秽的”之意。
dirty: 普通用词，泛指被玷污或弄脏。
foul: 指由于腐烂、恶臭等造成的不干净，令人恶心。
nasty: 主要指特别讲究清洁的人感到讨厌的东西。

名词 foul:

1. an act that violates of the rules of a sport

动词 foul:

1. hit a foul ball
2. make impure
   同义词：pollute, contaminate
3. become or cause to become obstructed
   同义词：clog, choke off, clog up, back up, congest, choke
4. commit a foul; break the rules
5. spot, stain, or pollute
   同义词：befoul, defile, maculate
6. make unclean
7. become soiled and dirty

形容词 foul:

1. highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust
   同义词：disgusting, disgustful, distasteful, loathly, loathsome, repellent, repellant, repelling, revolting, skanky, wicked, yucky
2. offensively malodorous
   同义词：fetid, foetid, foul-smelling, funky, noisome, smelly, stinking, ill-scented
3. violating accepted standards or rules
   同义词：cheating, dirty, unsporting, unsportsmanlike
4. (of a baseball) not hit between the foul lines
5. (of a manuscript) defaced with changes
   同义词：dirty, marked-up
6. characterized by obscenity
   同义词：filthy, nasty, smutty
7. disgustingly dirty; filled or smeared with offensive matter
   同义词：filthy, nasty
8. especially of a ship's lines etc
   同义词：afoul, fouled

1. Go away! I've had a foul day at work.'
   ｀走开! 我干了一天活儿够受的了.＇
2. Everything was just fine until Fred came along and fouled things up.
   本来一切都井井有条，弗雷德一来就给搞得乱七八糟。
3. He opened the window to let out the foul air.
   他打开窗户，放出污浊的空气。
4. The ball was foul.
   这球犯规了。
5. She has a foul temper.
   她脾气暴躁。

foul

adj.（形容词）
foul.er,foul.est
Offensive to the senses; revolting.
令人讨厌的；使人厌恶的
Having an offensive odor; smelly.
味道难闻的；恶臭的
Rotten or putrid:
腐烂的，腐败的：
例句：
foul meat.
腐烂的肉

Full of dirt or mud; dirty.See Synonyms at dirty
肮脏的，泥泞的：充满泥土的；肮脏的参见 dirty
Full of impurities; polluted:
含有污物的；污浊的：
例句：
foul air.
污浊的空气

Morally detestable; wicked:
道德败坏的；邪恶的：
例句：
foul deeds.
可憎的行为

Of a vulgar or obscene nature:
下流的，粗俗的：
例句：
foul language.
粗话

Very disagreeable or displeasing; horrid:
令人不愉快的或讨厌的；引起反感的：
例句：
a foul movie.
令人反感的影片

Bad or unfavorable:
恶劣的或不适宜的：
例句：
in fair weather or foul.
好天气或坏天气

Violating accepted standards or rules; dishonorable:
不正当的，卑鄙的：违背公认的标准或规定的；不光彩的：
例句：
used foul means to gain power.
用卑鄙的手段来得到权力

Sports Contrary to the rules of a game or sport:
【体育运动】 犯规的：不按比赛或运动规则的：
例句：
a foul boxing punch.
拳击中犯规的一击

Baseball Outside the foul lines:
【棒球】 界外的：
例句：
a foul fly ball.
界外高飞球

Entangled or twisted:
缠结住的或弯曲的：
例句：
a foul anchor.
弯曲的锚

Clogged or obstructed; blocked:
阻塞的，淤塞的；妨碍的：
例句：
a foul ventilator shaft.
堵塞住的通风管道

Archaic Ugly; unattractive.
【古语】 丑陋的；不好看的
n.（名词）

Abbr. f.Sports An infraction or a violation of the rules of play.
缩写 f.【体育运动】 犯规：违反或触犯比赛规则
Baseball A foul ball.
【棒球】 界外球
An entanglement or a collision.
缠结，碰撞
An instance of clogging or obstructing.
阻塞：堵塞或淤塞的实例
adv.（副词）
In a foul manner.
犯规地；不正当地
v.（动词）
fouled,foul.ing,fouls
v.tr.（及物动词）
To make dirty or foul; pollute.See Synonyms at contaminate
弄脏或使污秽；污染参见 contaminate
To bring into dishonor; besmirch.
玷污；败坏
To clog or obstruct.
使阻塞或堵塞
To entangle or catch (a rope, for example).
纠结：使缠住或绊住（如绳子）
Nautical To encrust (a ship`s hull) with foreign matter, such as barnacles.
【航海】 缠上：使（船的外壳）包上外来的东西，如藤壶

Sports To commit a foul against.
【体育运动】 对…犯规
Baseball To hit (a ball) outside the foul lines.
【棒球】 击（球）出界
v.intr.（不及物动词）
To become foul.
变脏，腐烂

Sports To commit a foul.
【体育运动】 犯规
Baseball To hit a ball outside the foul lines:
【棒球】 击球出界：
例句：
fouled twice and then struck out; fouled out to the catcher.
两击出界后三振出局；被捕手接住界外球而出局

To become entangled or twisted:
变得缠结或弯曲：
例句：
The anchor line fouled on a rock.
锚索缠在一块岩石上

To become clogged or obstructed.
变得阻塞

<常用词组>foul out
Sports To be put out of a game for exceeding the number of permissible fouls.
【体育运动】 因犯规超过规定次数被罚下场
foul up
To blunder or cause to blunder because of mistakes or poor judgment.
因错误或粗心而犯大错
来源：
Middle English
中古英语
from Old English fôl * see pü-
源自 古英语 fôl *参见 pü-

【引伸】
foul.ly
adv.（副词）
foul.ness
n.（名词）