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presume

音标[pri'zu:m]

汉语翻译

vt. 假定, 推测, 擅自, 意味着
vi. 擅自行动, 相信
【法】 推定, 假定, 假设

presume词型变化

名词:presumer 副词:presumedly 动词过去式:presumed 过去分词:presumed 现在分词:presuming 第三人称单数:presumes 

presume词意辨析

assume, presume, suppose, guess, postulate

这些动词均含为“假设,猜想,推测”之意。
assume: 指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。
presume: 侧重以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。
suppose: 常用词,意义较广泛,指缺乏确切事实,根据一些现象进行的推测,也可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定,有时仅表示自己的意见。
guess: 常用词,指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。
postulate: 指为证实一个理论的正确性而进行的假设。

presume英语解释

动词 presume:

  1. take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof
    同义词:assume, take for granted
  2. take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission
    同义词:make bold, dare
  3. constitute reasonable evidence for
  4. take liberties or act with too much confidence

presume例句

  1. May I presume to advise you?
    我可以冒昧向你进一言吗?
  2. The law presumes innocence until guilt is proved.
    在罪状未证实前,法律假定被告无罪。
  3. I didn't presume to interpret it.
    我不敢对这一点妄加解释。
  4. A signed invoice presumes receipt of the shipment.
    经过签字的发票表示货物已经收到。

presume详细解释

pre.sume

v.(动词)
pre.sumed,pre.sum.ing,pre.sumes
v.tr.(及物动词)
To take for granted as being true in the absence of proof to the contrary.
推测,假定:在没有证据证明是相反的情况下想当然是正确的
To give reasonable evidence for assuming; appear to prove.
认定:为假设而给出合理的证据;似乎能证明
To venture without authority or permission; dare:
冒昧,擅自:没有权威或没得到允许就冒险地做;冒昧:
例句:
He presumed to invite himself to dinner.
他胆敢擅自前来吃饭

v.intr.(不及物动词)
To act overconfidently; take liberties.
擅自行事:过分自信地行动;擅自行事
To take unwarranted advantage of something; go beyond the proper limits:
滥用,利用:非法地利用某物;超过适当界限:
例句:
Don`t presume on their hospitality.
不要利用他们的热情好客

To take for granted that something is true or factual; suppose:
设想,相信:理所当然地认定某事是真的或确凿的;猜想:
例句:
That`s the new assistant, I presume.
我想那就是新来的助理

来源:
Middle English presumen
中古英语 presumen
from Old French presumer
源自 古法语 presumer
from Late Latin praesômere
源自 后期拉丁语 praesômere
from Latin [to anticipate]
源自 拉丁语 [预料]
prae- [pre-]
prae- [前缀,表.在…之前.]
mere [to take] * see em-
mere [拿,取] *参见 em-

【引伸】
presum.edly
presum.er
n.(名词)
<参考词汇><同义词>presume,presuppose,postulate,posit,assumeThese verbs signify to take something for granted or as being a fact.Topresume is to suppose that something is reasonable, justifiable, sound, or possible in the absence of proof to the contrary:
这些动词都表示认为某事是理所当然的或认定某事是事实。Presume 是指在没有证据表明结果是相反的情况下认定某事是合理的,无可非议的,完美的或者是可能的:
例句:
.I presume you`re tired after the long ride. (Edith Wharton).
.长途旅行后我想你肯定累了. (伊迪丝·华顿)。

例句:
We cannot presume the existence of life on other planets.
我们不能推定其他行星上没有生物。

Presuppose can mean merely to believe or suppose in advance;it can also mean to require as an antecedent condition:
Presuppose 可仅指相信或预先假设;也可指要求有一个先决条件:
例句:
It is unrealistic to presuppose a sophisticated knowledge of harmony and counterpoint in a beginning music student.
要求一个初学的人具有和声学和对位法方面的知识是不现实的。

例句:
The evolution of species presupposes a process of natural selection.
生物演变是以自然选则的过程为前提的。

Postulate andposit denote the assertion of the existence, reality, necessity, or truth of something, as something considered to be self-evident or axiomatic,as the basis for reasoning or argument:
Postulate 和posit 意指对某事的存在、实现、需求或真相的断言, 如被认为是自明的或公理的某事,如作为推理和辩论的根据:
例句:
.We can see individuals, but we can`t see providence; we have to postulate it. (Aldous Huxley).
.我们不得不认为我们可以看到个体却看不到远见;我们必须承认它. (阿尔道斯·赫胥黎)。

例句:
Historical linguists posit a common ancestor from which both Romance and Germanic languages descend. Toassume is to accept something as existing or being true without proof or on inconclusive grounds:
历史语言学家认为罗斯语系和德语语系由同一种语言演变而来。 Assume 是指在没有证据或不确定的情况下认为某事是存在的或是真实的:

例句:
Why do you assume that I`m angryô
为什么你会认为我在生气ô

例句:
.We must never assume that which is incapable of proof. (G.H. Lewes).
.我们从不在没有证据证明的情况下假定某事. (G·H·路易斯)

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