reason

argue, quarrel, debate, dispute, discuss, reason

cause, reason, excuse

think, deliberate, meditate, muse, reason, reflect, speculate

名词 reason:

1. a rational motive for a belief or action
   同义词：ground
2. an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon
3. the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination
   同义词：understanding, intellect
4. the state of having good sense and sound judgment
   同义词：rationality, reasonableness
5. a justification for something existing or happening
   同义词：cause, grounds
6. a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion

动词 reason:

1. decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion
   同义词：reason out, conclude
2. present reasons and arguments
   同义词：argue
3. think logically

1. It stands to reason that nobody will work without pay.
   做工作不能白做，这是明摆著的事。
2. He was excused by reason of his age.
   他因为年龄的关系而得到宽恕。
3. The detective tried to reason out how the thief had escaped.
   这个侦探反复琢磨想弄明白那个窃贼是怎样逃跑的。
4. We have reason to believe that he was murdered.
   我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。
5. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun.
   哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。
6. She can reason very clearly.
   她能很清晰地思考。

rea.son

n.（名词）
The basis or motive for an action, a decision, or a conviction.See Usage Note at because See Usage Note at why
原因：某个行动、决定或判决的基础或动机参见 because参见 why
A declaration made to explain or justify an action, a decision, or a conviction:
理由：解释或证明某行动、决定或判决的说明：
例句：
inquired about her reason for leaving.
询问她离开的理由

An underlying fact or cause that provides logical sense for a premise or an occurrence:
充分理由：给一个前提或事件提供逻辑判断力的基本事实或原因：
例句：
There is reason to believe that the accused did not commit this crime.
有充分的理由相信被告没有犯这项罪行

The capacity for logical, rational, and analytic thought; intelligence.
理智，理性：进行逻辑推理、理性思维或分析判断的能力；智力
Good judgment; sound sense.
判断力：良好的判断力；可靠的理智
A normal mental state; sanity:
正常神态：正常的精神状态；神志清楚：
例句：
He has lost his reason.
他已神志不清了

Logic A premise, usually the minor premise, of an argument.
【逻辑学】 前提：某个论证的前提，常指小前提
v.（动词）
rea.soned,rea.son.ing,rea.sons
v.intr.（不及物动词）
To use the faculty of reason; think logically.
推论：运用推理判断的能力；作逻辑思考
To talk or argue logically and persuasively.
辩论：逻辑严密且很有说服力地谈论或辩论
Obsolete To engage in conversation or discussion.
【废语】 商谈：参与某个谈话或讨论
v.tr.（及物动词）
To determine or conclude by logical thinking:
推断：用逻辑思维来决定或推论：
例句：
reasoned out a solution to the problem.
分析推断出解决这个问题的办法

To persuade or dissuade (someone) with reasons.
说服：用理由来劝告或说服（某人）做或不做某事

<习惯用语>by reason of
Because of.
因为
in reason
With good sense or justification; reasonably.
合乎情理地：具有良好情理或证明的；合情合理地
within reason
Within the bounds of good sense or practicality.
合理地：在良好的情理和现实范围之内地
with reason
With good cause; justifiably.
正当地：有充足理由地；正当地
来源：
Middle English
中古英语
from Old French raison
源自 古法语 raison
from Latin ratiô ratiôn-
源自 拉丁语 ratiô ratiôn-
from ratus [past participle of] rôro [to consider, think] * see ar-
源自 ratus [] rôro的过去分词 [考虑，思考] *参见 ar-

【引伸】
rea.soner
n.（名词）
<参考词汇><同义词>reason,intuition,understanding,judgmentThese nouns refer to the intellectual faculty by means of which human beings seek or attain knowledge or truth.
这些名词都指人类通过追求或获取知识或真理的方式而得到的智力。
Reason is the power to think rationally and logically and to draw inferences:
Reason 是指通过理性且逻辑地思考并作出推理的能力：
例句：
.the rationalist whose reason is not sufficient to teach him those limitations of the powers of conscious reason. (Friedrich August von Hayek).
.理性主义者的理智不足以告诉他们有意识的理性力量是有一些缺陷的. （弗雷德里希·奥古斯特·冯·海因克）。

例句：
.Mere reason is insufficient to convince us of its [the Christian religion`s] veracity. (David Hume).
.仅仅是理性还不足以使我们信服它的 真实性. （大卫·休漠）。

Intuition is perception or comprehension, as of truths or facts,without the use of the rational process:
Intuition 是对诸如真理或事实的洞察力或理解力，而不牵扯理性的过程：
例句：
.Because of their age-long training in human relations—for that is what feminine intuition really is—women have a special contribution to make to any group enterprise. (Margaret Mead).
.因为她们在人际关系中多年的磨炼-而那正是女性直觉所在-女人们对任何一个群体的事业都做出了自己特殊的贡献. （玛格丽特·米德）。

Understanding is the faculty by which one understands,often together with the comprehension resulting from its exercise:
Understanding 是某人理解认知的能力，常带有从运用中获得的理解力之意：
例句：
.So long as the human heart is strong and the human reason weak, Royalty will be strong because it appeals to diffused feeling, and Republics weak because they appeal to the understanding. (Walter Bagehot).
.只要是人的情感力量强大而理性虚弱，王权政体就会强大，因为它要的是散布的情感，而共和政体便会虚弱，因为它需要理解. （瓦尔特·白哲诗）。

例句：
.The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding. (Louis D. Brandeis).
.对自由最大的危险潜藏于热情、善意但没有良好理解力的人们的隐伏的侵蚀中. （路易斯·D·布兰代斯）。

Judgment is the ability to assess situations or circumstances and draw sound conclusions:
Judgment 是对形势或环境的估计并作出正确结论的能力：
例句：
.my salad days,/When I was green in judgment. (Shakespeare).
.我那青春年少的时期/那时我的判断力还很稚嫩. （莎士比亚）。

例句：
.At twenty years of age, the will reigns;at thirty, the wit;and at forty, the judgment. (Benjamin Franklin).See also Synonyms at cause ,mind ,think
.二十岁的时候，主导是意志；三十岁时，是智慧；四十岁时，则是判断力. （本杰明·富兰克林）参见同义词 cause,mind,think