reparation

名词 reparation:

1. compensation (given or received) for an insult or injury
2. (usually plural) compensation exacted from a defeated nation by the victors
3. the act of putting something in working order again
   同义词：repair, fix, fixing, fixture, mend, mending
4. something done or paid in expiation of a wrong
   同义词：amends

rep.a.ra.tion

n.（名词）
The act or process of repairing or the condition of being repaired.
修理，修补：修理或修补的行为或过程或者被修的状况
The act or process of making amends; expiation.
赔偿，补偿：进行赔偿的行为或过程；补偿
Something done or paid to compensate or make amends.
赔偿物；赔偿金：为了补偿或做赔偿而做或支付的东西
reparations Compensation or remuneration required from a defeated nation as indemnity for damage or injury during a war.
reparations 战败国赔款：要求战败国对战争期间的损失或伤害作出补偿的补偿金或赔偿金

来源：
Middle English reparacion
中古英语 reparacion
from Old French
源自 古法语
from Late Latin repar3tiô repar3tiôn- [restoration]
源自 后期拉丁语 repar3tiô repar3tiôn- [恢复]
from Latin repar3tus [past participle of] repar3re [to repair] * see repair
源自 拉丁语 repar3tus [] repar3re的过去分词 [修理；修复] *参见 repair

<参考词汇><同义词>reparation,redress,amends,restitution,indemnityAll of these nouns refer to something given in compensation for loss, suffering, or damage.
这些名词都可指作为对损失、苦难或损害的补偿而给予的东西。
Reparation implies recompense given to one who has suffered injury, harm, or wrong at the hands of another:
Reparation 指的是给予受到他人的伤害、危害或冤屈的人的补偿：
例句：
.reparation for our rights at home, and security against the like future violations. (William Pitt).
.对我们在国内的权利补偿以及将来可能受到的侵犯的保障. （威廉姆·皮特）。

Redress involves setting right what is wrong or providing relief from injustice;the term may imply retaliation or punishment:
Redress 含有纠正冤屈或从不公正中解除的意思；该词语可有报复或惩罚的意思：
例句：
.The people, whose privileges he has invaded, call aloud for redress. (Jane Porter).
.那些其权利受到他的侵犯的人声言要他作出赔偿. （简恩·波特）。

例句：
.There is no grievance that is a fit object of redress by mob law. (Abraham Lincoln).
.在暴民法下没有一项冤屈是适合平反昭雪的. （亚伯拉罕·林肯）。

Amends, less forceful thanredress, usually implies the giving of satisfaction for a minor grievance or lesser injury:
Amends， 语义比redress 稍弱， 通常指的是对较小的冤屈或伤害作出满意的补偿：
例句：
How can I make amends for losing my temperô
我怎样才能对我的发脾气作出补偿呢？

Restitution is the restoration of something taken illegally or its equivalent:
Restitution 指的是使被非法取走的东西或类似的情况恢复原状：
例句：
.He attempted to enforce the restitution of the Roman lands and cities. (George P.R. James).
.他试图强行恢复罗马的土地和城市. （乔治·P.R.詹姆士）。

Indemnity implies reimbursement for loss or damage sustained:
Indemnity 指的是对已遭受的损失或损害的补偿：
例句：
The innocent victims of the riot demanded indemnity for the lawless violence to which they had been subjected.
暴乱中的无辜受害者要求对他们所遭受的非法侵犯作出赔偿