n.
an external body part consisting of feathers or hair about the neck of a bird or other animal
同义词：frill
a high tight collar
同义词：chokerruffleneck ruff
common Eurasian sandpiper; the male has an erectile neck ruff in breeding season
同义词：Philomachus pugnax
(card games) the act of taking a trick with a trump when unable to follow suit
同义词：trumping
Migrating ruffs Philomachus pugnax through Europe, spring 1998
THE WINTERING AND MOULT OF RUFFS PHILOMACHUS PUGNAX IN THE KENYAN RIFT VALLEY
Females prefer larger leks: field experiments with ruffs ( Philomachus pugnax )
Seasonal trade-offs in cell-mediated immunosenescence in ruffs (Philomachus pugnax).
Visual Signals for Individual Identification: The Silent “Song” of Ruffs
Testosterone-induced male traits in female ruffs (Philomachus pugnax): autosomal inheritance and gender differentiation.
A SCENARIO FOR THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIAL ORGANIZATION IN RUFFS PHILOMACHUS PUGNAXAND OTHER CHARADRIIFORM SPECIES
Contour feather moult of Ruffs Philomachus pugnax during northward migration, with notes on homology of nuptial plumages in scolopac...
Signaling individual identity versus quality: a model and case studies with ruffs, queleas, and house finches.
The resident's dilemma: a female choice model for the evolution of alternative mating strategies in lekking male ruffs (Philomachus ...
