constrain

compel, force, constrain, oblige

动词 constrain:

1. hold back
   同义词：restrain, encumber, cumber
2. restrict
   同义词：stiffen, tighten, tighten up

1. Cold weather constrains the plant's growth.
   寒冷的天气抑制了植物的生长。
2. I felt constrained to do what he told me.
   我觉得不能不做他叫我做的事。

con.strain

v.tr.（及物动词）
con.strained,con.strain.ing,con.strains
To compel by physical, moral, or circumstantial force; oblige:
强逼：通过身体的、道德的或环境的力量强迫；迫使：
例句：
felt constrained to object.See Synonyms at force
被迫反对参见 force

To keep within close bounds; confine:
限制：把…限制在窄小的范围内；约束：
例句：
a life that had been constrained by habit to the same few activities and friends.
习惯于被束缚在一成不变的几个活动和朋友中的生活

To inhibit or restrain; hold back:
抑制：抑制或压制；克制：
例句：
.Failing to control the growth of international debt will also constrain living standards.(Ronald Brownstein)
.若不能控制外债的增长还将会影响到生活水平.(罗纳德·布朗斯坦)

To produce in a forced or inhibited manner.
强使：被迫或强行地产生

来源：
Middle English constreinen
中古英语 constreinen
from Old French constraindre constraign-
源自 古法语 constraindre constraign-
from Latin cônstringere [to restrain, compress]
源自 拉丁语 cônstringere [压制，压紧]
com- [com-]
com- [前缀，表.同.]
stringere [to bind, press together] * see streig-
stringere [捆绑，压在一起] *参见 streig-

【引伸】
constrain.able
adj.（形容词）
constrain.edly
constrain.er
n.（名词）