refrain

restrain, check, refrain, bridle, curb, inhibit

名词 refrain:

1. the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers
   同义词：chorus

动词 refrain:

1. resist doing something
   同义词：forbear
2. choose not to consume
   同义词：abstain, desist

1. I wish he would refrain from scattering his ash all over the carpet.
   我希望他不要将烟灰往地毯上乱弹。
2. A refrain in which an audience joins a soloist in a song.
   合唱句，重叠句由一名观众在独唱歌手的一支歌中加入的副歌
3. I carefully refrained from looking at him.
   我留意着避免朝他看。
4. Let's hope they will refrain from hostile actions.
   希望他们不采取敌对行动。

refrain

v.（动词）
re.frained,re.frain.ing,re.frains
v.intr.（不及物动词）
To hold oneself back; forbear:
忍耐，节制：自制以避免；忍住：
例句：
refrained from swearing.
忍住不骂

v.tr.Archaic （及物动词）【古语】
To restrain or hold back; curb.
克制，抑制：克制或抑制；约束

来源：
Middle English refreinen
中古英语 refreinen
from Old French refrener [to restrain]
源自 古法语 refrener [克制]
from Latin refrôn3re
源自 拉丁语 refrôn3re
re- [re-]
re- [表示.后退，回映.等意思的前缀]
frôn3re [to restrain] from frônum [bridle] from frendere [to grind] * see ghrendh-
frôn3re [克制] 源自 frônum [辔头] 源自 frendere [磨碎] *参见 ghrendh-

【引伸】
refrain.er
n.（名词）
refrain.ment
n.（名词）
<参考词汇><同义词>refrain,abstain,forbearThe central meaning shared by these verbs is .to keep or prevent oneself from doing or saying something.:
这些动词的中心意思是.防止某人做某事或说什么话.：
例句：
refrained from commenting;
不妄加评论；

例句：
abstained from smoking;
戒烟；

例句：
can`t forbear criticizing their ineptitude.
禁不住要批评他们的笨拙


---------------另--------------
refrain
refrain 2

n.（名词）

A phrase, verse, or group of verses repeated at intervals throughout a song or poem, especially at the end of each stanza.
副句，副歌：一个短语、一句诗或一组诗句在一首歌或诗中每隔一段重复一次， 尤其在每个诗节的结尾处
Music for the refrain of a poem.
副歌：一首诗重复演唱部分的音乐
A song or melody.
一首歌，一首曲子
A repeated utterance or theme.
重复的话，重复的主题

来源：
Middle English refrein
中古英语 refrein
from Old French refrain
源自 古法语 refrain
alteration of refrait [past participle of] refraindre [to break off, repeat]
refrait的变化 [] refraindre的过去分词 [中止，重复]
from Vulgar Latin *refrangere [to break off]
源自 俗拉丁语 *refrangere [中止]
alteration of Latin refringere * see refract
拉丁语 refringere的变化 *参见 refract